Magnetic Resonance

Code

PHYS4018

School

Physics and Astronomy

Level

4

Credits

10

Semesters

Autumn UK

Summary

This module introduces theoretical and practical concepts of magnetic resonance, with the main focus on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The theory is presented using both classical and quantum mechanical formalisms. It is shown how NMR experiments are performed, how different pulse sequences can be used to highlight specific properties of a sample, and how NMR spectra can be interpreted using quantum mechanics. Relaxation theory is introduced phenomenologically and mechanistically. In addition, example applications of nuclear magnetic resonance as an analytical tool in physics and molecular sciences are discussed.

1. Semi-classical description of NMR (8 lectures)
Nuclear spin and nuclear magnetic moment; Energy of nuclear spin in a magnetic field; Equilibrium magnetization; Precession; Radio frequency pulses and the rotating frame; Relaxation and the Bloch Equation; Quadrature detection and free induction decay; Dephasing and T2* Decay; Spin Echoes; Measuring T1 and T2 Relaxation Times; Chemical Shifts; J-Coupling; Interpreting Simple 1H NMR Spectra; Effects of Exchange; 13C NMR spectra; Effect of a 180 degree RF Pulse; Generating Spectra from NMR Signals by Fourier Transformation; Two dimensional (2D) spectra and 2D J-spectroscopy; Magnetic Field Gradients; Simple 2D MRI; Slice Selection

2. Quantum picture of NMR (8 lectures)
Quantum Picture of NMR: Basics; Matrix Representation of Operator; Pauli Spin Matrices; Precession of Nuclear Magnetic Moment; NMR spectra and the RF Field Hamiltonian Term; J-Coupling Revisited: Strong and Weak Coupling; Dipolar Hamiltonian; Dipolar Coupling in Solids; Solid State NMR; Magic Angle Spinning (MAS); NMR Relaxation Mechanisms; Relaxation due to Dipole-Dipole Coupling; Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE)

Target Students

Students in the 4th year of MSci Physics, MathematicalPhysics, CMP and Natural Sciences programmes.

Classes

This module is based on a series of lectures throughout the autumn semester.

Assessment

• 40% Coursework 1: Timed Problem sheet
• 30% Presentation 1: Presentation
• 30% Assignment: NMR Spectra Assignment

Assessed by end of autumn semester

Educational Aims

Learning Outcomes

Knowledge and Understanding: 
On successful completion of the module, students will have enhanced their: 
A1 knowledge of spin dynamics and magnetic resonance 
A2 knowledge and understanding of the scientific method 
A3 understanding of how the basic principles of magnetic resonance are applied in a range of situations including investigations in the solid and liquid states 

Intellectual Skills: 
On successful completion of the module, students will have demonstrated their ability to: 
B1 apply theoretical ideas to the quantitative analysis of physical situations 
B2 apply high levels of numeracy and analysis 
B3 apply techniques of problem solving 

Professional/Practical Skills: 
On successful completion of the module, students will have demonstrated their ability to: 
C1 formulate problems in physics using appropriate mathematical language

Transferable/Key Skills: 
On successful completion of the module, students will have demonstrated their ability to: 
D1 develop appropriate strategies for study, including the use of library, human, and electronic sources of information 

Conveners

• Professor Richard Bowtell